Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations as A Risk Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with Acute Heart Failure (AHF) patients, classified according to the presence of patients-reported clinical symptoms and signs.

Methods: There were 181 AHF patients of which included in this cross-sectional clinical investigation from 02.09.2022 to 31.03.2023 in the Emergency department of Laanzhou University Second Hospital. Additionally, there are four categories of AHF patients (warm and wet, warm and dry, cold and wet, and cold and dry), and which not only the guidelines of the treatment therapy but also enables the progression of AHF in patients to be assessed. All statistical tests were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25.0 (IBM-SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). A p-value of < 0.05 was assumed to be significant.

Results: Based on the results of the ordinary logistic regression analysis, it can be concluded that individuals with acute heart failure with elevated d-dimer levels were substantially more likely to be "cool and dry" (odds ratio [OR] 1.12, 95% confidence intervals [CI] (0.017;0.212); P=0.022). Additionally, a strong association was identified between the "cold and dry" and the lower patient age (OR 0.95, 95% CI (-0.084;0.011); P=0.011).

Conclusions: According to the results from this clinical study, it can be concluded that the higher d-dimer levels had an significant relationship with the essential circumstances of symptoms and signs in AHF patients. In addition, age was also associated with the progression in patients with AHF based on the clinical assessment.